一、項目簡介
這是一個用Python語言繪制的動態(tài)愛心圖案，你?動了嗎？
編譯器：PyCharm Community Edition
二、運行截圖
三、代碼思路
1、引入庫文件random、math、tkinter
import random from math import sin, cos, pi, log from tkinter import *
2、設置畫布
CANVAS_WIDTH = 800 #畫布寬800 CANVAS_HEIGHT = 600 #畫布長600 CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2 CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2 IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11 HEART_COLOR = "#dc143c" #ff2121 #引號內為愛心的顏色
3、生成愛心
def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio: float = IMAGE_ENLARGE): x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3) y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t)) x *= shrink_ratio y *= shrink_ratio x += CANVAS_CENTER_X y += CANVAS_CENTER_Y return int(x), int(y)
4、隨機擴散
def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15): ratio_x = - beta * log(random.random()) ratio_y = - beta * log(random.random()) dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) return x - dx, y - dy
5、抖動
def shrink(x, y, ratio): force = -1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.6) # 這個參數... dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) return x - dx, y - dy
6、定義曲線函數和跳動周期
def curve(p): return 5 * (2 * sin(4 * p)) / (2 * pi)
7、愛心的類
class Heart:
def __init__(self, generate_frame=20):
self._points = set() # 原始愛心坐標集合
self._edge_diffusion_points = set() # 邊緣擴散效果點坐標集合
self._center_diffusion_points = set() # 中心擴散效果點坐標集合
self.all_points = {} # 每幀動態(tài)點坐標
self.build(2000)
self.random_halo = 1000
self.generate_frame = generate_frame
for frame in range(generate_frame):
self.calc(frame)
def build(self, number):
for _ in range(number):
t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)
x, y = heart_function(t)
self._points.add((x, y))
for _x, _y in list(self._points):
for _ in range(3):
x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, 0.05)
self._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y))
point_list = list(self._points)
for _ in range(4000):
x, y = random.choice(point_list)
x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, 0.17)
self._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y))8、@classmethod 裝飾類方法
@staticmethod
def calc_position(x, y, ratio):
force = 1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.520) # 魔法參數
dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-1, 1)
dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-1, 1)
return x - dx, y - dy
def calc(self, generate_frame):
ratio = 10 * curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) # 圓滑的周期的縮放比例
halo_radius = int(4 + 6 * (1 + curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)))
halo_number = int(3000 + 4000 * abs(curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) ** 2))
all_points = []
heart_halo_point = set()
for _ in range(halo_number):
t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)
x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=11.6)
x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius)
if (x, y) not in heart_halo_point:
heart_halo_point.add((x, y))
x += random.randint(-14, 14)
y += random.randint(-14, 14)
size = random.choice((1, 2, 2))
all_points.append((x, y, size))
for x, y in self._points:
x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
size = random.randint(1, 3)
all_points.append((x, y, size))
for x, y in self._edge_diffusion_points:
x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
size = random.randint(1, 2)
all_points.append((x, y, size))
for x, y in self._center_diffusion_points:
x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
size = random.randint(1, 2)
all_points.append((x, y, size))
self.all_points[generate_frame] = all_points
def render(self, render_canvas, render_frame):
for x, y, size in self.all_points[render_frame % self.generate_frame]:
render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=0, fill=HEART_COLOR)
def draw(main: Tk, render_canvas: Canvas, render_heart: Heart, render_frame=0):
render_canvas.delete('all')
render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame)
main.after(160, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + 1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = Tk() # 一個Tk
root.title("dotcpp.com")
canvas = Canvas(root, bg='black', height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH)
canvas.pack()
heart = Heart()
draw(root, canvas, heart)
root.mainloop()四、完整源碼
import random
from math import sin, cos, pi, log
from tkinter import *
CANVAS_WIDTH = 800
CANVAS_HEIGHT = 600
CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2
CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2
IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11
HEART_COLOR = "#dc143c" # ff2121
def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio: float = IMAGE_ENLARGE):
x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3)
y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t))
x *= shrink_ratio
y *= shrink_ratio
x += CANVAS_CENTER_X
y += CANVAS_CENTER_Y
return int(x), int(y)
def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15):
ratio_x = - beta * log(random.random())
ratio_y = - beta * log(random.random())
dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)
return x - dx, y - dy
def shrink(x, y, ratio):
force = -1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.6) # 這個參數...
dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)
return x - dx, y - dy
def curve(p):
return 5 * (2 * sin(4 * p)) / (2 * pi)
class Heart:
def __init__(self, generate_frame=20):
self._points = set() # 原始愛心坐標集合
self._edge_diffusion_points = set() # 邊緣擴散效果點坐標集合
self._center_diffusion_points = set() # 中心擴散效果點坐標集合
self.all_points = {} # 每幀動態(tài)點坐標
self.build(2000)
self.random_halo = 1000
self.generate_frame = generate_frame
for frame in range(generate_frame):
self.calc(frame)
def build(self, number):
for _ in range(number):
t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)
x, y = heart_function(t)
self._points.add((x, y))
for _x, _y in list(self._points):
for _ in range(3):
x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, 0.05)
self._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y))
point_list = list(self._points)
for _ in range(4000):
x, y = random.choice(point_list)
x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, 0.17)
self._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y))
@staticmethod
def calc_position(x, y, ratio):
force = 1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.520) # 魔法參數
dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-1, 1)
dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-1, 1)
return x - dx, y - dy
def calc(self, generate_frame):
ratio = 10 * curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) # 圓滑的周期的縮放比例
halo_radius = int(4 + 6 * (1 + curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)))
halo_number = int(3000 + 4000 * abs(curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) ** 2))
all_points = []
heart_halo_point = set()
for _ in range(halo_number):
t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)
x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=11.6)
x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius)
if (x, y) not in heart_halo_point:
heart_halo_point.add((x, y))
x += random.randint(-14, 14)
y += random.randint(-14, 14)
size = random.choice((1, 2, 2))
all_points.append((x, y, size))
for x, y in self._points:
x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
size = random.randint(1, 3)
all_points.append((x, y, size))
for x, y in self._edge_diffusion_points:
x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
size = random.randint(1, 2)
all_points.append((x, y, size))
for x, y in self._center_diffusion_points:
x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
size = random.randint(1, 2)
all_points.append((x, y, size))
self.all_points[generate_frame] = all_points
def render(self, render_canvas, render_frame):
for x, y, size in self.all_points[render_frame % self.generate_frame]:
render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=0, fill=HEART_COLOR)
def draw(main: Tk, render_canvas: Canvas, render_heart: Heart, render_frame=0):
render_canvas.delete('all')
render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame)
main.after(160, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + 1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = Tk() # 一個Tk
root.title("dotcpp.com")
canvas = Canvas(root, bg='black', height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH)
canvas.pack()
heart = Heart()
draw(root, canvas, heart)
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